How Are Meiosis and Mitosis Different Apex

Mitosis and meiosis are both forms of division of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. They share some similarities, but also exhibit singled-out differences that lead to very different outcomes. The purpose of mitosis is cell regeneration, growth, and asexual reproduction,while the purpose of meiosis is the product of gametes for sexual reproduction. Mitosis is a single nuclear segmentation that results in two nuclei that are usually partitioned into two new daughter cells. The nuclei resulting from a mitotic division are genetically identical to the original nucleus. They have the same number of sets of chromosomes, one set in the case of haploid cells and ii sets in the case of diploid cells. In most plants and all animal species, it is typically diploid cells that undergo mitosis to form new diploid cells. In contrast, meiosis consists of two nuclear divisions resulting in 4 nuclei that are ordinarily partitioned into four new haploid daughter cells. The nuclei resulting from meiosis are not genetically identical and they contain i chromosome ready only. This is half the number of chromosome sets in the original cell, which is diploid.

The master differences between mitosis and meiosis occur in meiosis I. In meiosis I, the homologous chromosome pairs become associated with each other and are leap together with the synaptonemal complex. Chiasmata develop and crossover occurs between homologous chromosomes, which then line upwards along the metaphase plate in tetrads with kinetochore fibers from opposite spindle poles attached to each kinetochore of a homolog in a tetrad. All of these events occur only in meiosis I.

When the tetrad is broken up and the homologous chromosomes move to opposite poles, the ploidy level is reduced from two to one. For this reason, meiosis I is referred to as a reduction division. In that location is no such reduction in ploidy level during mitosis.

Meiosis II is much more similar to a mitotic partition. In this case, the duplicated chromosomes (only one prepare, equally the homologous pairs have now been separated into two different cells) line up on the metaphase plate with divided kinetochores attached to kinetochore fibers from contrary poles. During anaphase Ii and mitotic anaphase, the kinetochores divide and sister chromatids, now referred to as chromosomes, are pulled to opposite poles. The two daughter cells of mitosis, however, are identical, dissimilar the daughter cells produced by meiosis. They are different because there has been at least one crossover per chromosome. Meiosis Ii is non a reduction division because, although there are fewer copies of the genome in the resulting cells, at that place is withal i set of chromosomes, as there was at the terminate of meiosis I. Meiosis Two is, therefore, referred to every bit equatorial sectionalization.